Celiac disease and autoimmune thyroid diseases frequently coexist due to shared genetic risk factors, particularly HLA-related immune pathways, highlighting a clear immunological overlap rather than coincidence. Recognizing this connection supports earlier screening, more precise diagnosis, and better long-term management for patients at risk of multiple autoimmune conditions.

Vitamin D deficiency is common even among elite athletes and directly undermines recovery, bone health, immunity, and performance, often because modern training keeps athletes indoors. Research shows that correcting this deficiency through sunlight or supplementation can meaningfully reduce injury risk and improve measurable athletic outcomes.

Scientists are uncovering how genes like PAX9 and AXIN2 shape tooth development, revealing why some people never grow wisdom teeth at all - and what this genetic variation can tell us about human evolution, population diversity, and oral health.

As rising temperatures and extreme weather strain aging infrastructure, civil engineers are rethinking how we design for the future - using climate models, smart technologies, and green infrastructure to build systems that are resilient, adaptable, and prepared for an uncertain world.

Could a tiny rainforest frog hold the key to ending the opioid epidemic? Scientists are exploring epibatidine, a powerful, non-addictive compound found in Anthony’s Poison Arrow Frog, as a potential alternative to opioids—offering hope for safer, more effective pain relief.

Water fluoridation has long been praised for reducing cavities and promoting public dental health, especially in underserved communities. But as debates grow around its risks—like fluorosis and environmental harm—this science-backed intervention finds itself at the center of national controversy.

In today's world, there are nearly 85,000 man-made chemicals, yet only 1% are studied for safety (Endocrine Society, 2019). These synthetic substances, produced in laboratories, fulfill a myriad of essential functions to modern society. However, they do not come without their disadvantages.

Dementia is a cognitive disorder associated with memory loss, cognitive reasoning, behavior, and judgment impairment and affects around 55 million individuals worldwide and 6.7 million Americans. This article explores how bilingualism can help delay dementia and why it is beneficial.

False memories are a striking yet often overlooked symptom of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), shaping the way patients perceive their past and interact with the present. While memory loss is a well-known hallmark of AD, false memories—where individuals recall events that never happened—can be just as disruptive. This piece explores the cognitive mechanisms underlying false memory formation in AD, drawing on research in psychology and neuroscience. By examining theories such as fuzzy-trace theory and schema-driven memory errors, this discussion sheds light on how AD patients reconstruct their past and the potential implications for diagnosis and intervention.

Despite similar genetic risks, ADHD is disproportionately diagnosed in boys, leaving many girls undiagnosed and struggling without support. Harper Walton-Mouw explores the biases in ADHD diagnosis, particularly how inattentive symptoms in girls—such as daydreaming and restlessness—are often overlooked by parents, teachers, and clinicians. The article examines how outdated diagnostic criteria, based on predominantly male studies, contribute to this gap and discusses potential solutions, including increased clinical awareness and sex-specific diagnostic thresholds. Addressing these disparities is crucial to ensuring timely and effective treatment for all individuals with ADHD.

Space exploration has always been a topic of interest for society although it comes along with complex challenges. By looking at these difficulties, we can learn more about the details of space travel and the creative solutions needed to get past them.

In order to combat bloodborne illnesses, such as Sickel Cell Disease, which affects millions of people globally, scientists have developed new gene editing technologies. Some examples of cutting edge gene editing technologies include CRISPR/Cas9 and Casgevy.

Hemochromatosis is a ‘genetically induced iron overload’. Despite its frequency, hemochromatosis is commonly misdiagnosed or left untreated, earning the label "silent" disease.